Thursday, May 14, 2020

Movie Review Awesome Asian Bad Guys - 1721 Words

Have you ever wondered what happens to the Asian villain who only have less than three-minute show time in the movie? Awesome Asian Bad Guys is the first feature-length movie released in 2014 by National Honor Society perhaps has the answer. This film pays tribute to all of the Asian American actors and actress who have roles as bad characters in classic movie during 80s and 90s. It also examines the lack of representation for Asian American in media well as combating stereotypes. This film â€Å"Awesome Asian Bad Guy† is originated from a 2 minute YouTube video from the National Honor Society channel in October 18, 2011. It is a video that the two filmmakers in the National Honor Society channel made to celebrate and honor some of their favorite unsung villains in the classic movies. It gradually caught some attention and the two YouTube film maker from the National Honor Society channel decided to make it as a web series which becomes a film. They brought it to Phil Yu who is the blogger of Angry Asian Man blog who then became the executive producer. They also began to raise money to film this film by running a Kickstarter campaign. They hoped to raise $50,000 and some of the ways they raised money were through Google Hangout telethons, sang and rapped badly, and even took shots of hard liquor in exchange for donation. They even flew to New York to spread their campaign. Ultimately they raised $54,132. This also explains the hardship of independent fi lmmakers trying to make aShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesPrinciples of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus IndianapolisRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesendeavor through the decades. Still, it is always difficult to abandon interesting cases that have stimulated student discussions and provoked useful insights, but newer case possibilities are ever contesting for inclusion. Examples of good and bad handling of problems and opportunities are forever emerging. But sometimes we bring back an oldie, and with updating, gain a new perspective. For new users, I hope the book will meet your full expectations and be an effective instructional toolRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesComputer Networks: High Bandwidth, Wireless, Cloudy New Ways to Compete 4 New Ways to Work 5 Managing IT in Organizations Managing IT Resources IT Leadership Roles 4 5 5 7 The Topics and Organization of This Textbook 8 Review Questions 9 †¢ Discussion Questions 9 †¢ Bibliography 9 ̈ CASE STUDY 1 Midsouth Chamber of Commerce (A): The Role of the Operating Manager in Information Systems 10 PART I Information Technology Chapter 2 Computer Systems 17 19 BasicRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesundergraduates following business studies programmes) âž ¡ Students of The Chartered Institute of Marketing who are preparing for the Marketing Planning paper in the CIM’s Diploma examinations âž ¡ Marketing practitioners who will benefit from a comprehensive review of current thinking in the field of strategic marketing planning, implementation and control. Richard M S Wilson Colin Gilligan Overview of the book’s structure 1 Introduction Stage One Where are we now? Strategic and marketing analysis

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Mental Health Is A State Of Complete Physical, Mental, And...

INTRODUCTION: The WHO definition of health states: Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. An important part of this definition is that mental health is not just absence of mental disorders or disabilities, it is defined as the state of well being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community. Mental health is determined by various socioeconomic, biological and environmental factors. Some of the associated factors are rapid social change, stressful work conditions, gender discrimination, social exclusion, unhealthy lifestyle, risks of violence, physical ill-health and human rights violations. BURDEN OF MENTAL ILLNESSES: Approximately, 45 crores people have mental health problem across the world. In 2004, mental disorders accounted for 13% of the total disease burden and it is likely to go upto 15% by 2020. In India, the burden of mental and behavioral disorders ranged from 9.5 to 102 per 1000 population and the population effected is around 60 to 70 million. Accoding to studies done in Britain, depression is more common in women (National Institute for Clinical Excellence, 2003) whereas alcohol and drug dependence is more common in men (The Office for National Statistics Psychiatric Morbidity report, 2001). National comorbidity survey:Show MoreRelatedRelationship Between Physical And Emotional Wellness1600 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Health 250 Sasha Grenier 05/26/2016 Health Issue Paper: The relationship between physical and emotional wellness â€Å"To keep the body in good health is a duty, otherwise we shall not be able to keep our mind strong and clear.† -Buddha. Emotional and physical wellness are completely tight to each other. There are multiple links between both dimensions of wellness that significantly can change a person’s health. The book Your Health Today by Teague, Mackenzie, Rosenthal, states that wellnessRead MoreWhat is the Definition of Health?939 Words   |  4 Pageslife there is health. In 1948 the World Health Organization defined health as â€Å"a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.† Whereas previously, health had be identified as solely the absence of disease or infirmity. Through research and study, it was recognized that health is the domain of physical and mental functioning. 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Physical Body focuses predominantly on the human as a Physical Body and what can be done to fix it physically. Bio-psycho-social states that the mind is unlimited and boundless. In Bio-psycho-social the understanding came about that a person’s mental health can affect their physical health as well

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Professional Engineering for Constructing Professional Portfolios

Question: Discuss about theProfessional Engineering for Constructing Professional Portfolios. Answer: Abstract Professional engineering is the collective of all actions and principles that ensure pure production of products and services through reducing, recycling, and reusing of engineering waste products to have a healthy public life. These engineering wastes result from some problems that require proper strategically engineering methods and framework. The standard frameworks used by engineers are deductive and abdicative of ideas that have the different lifetime in mind, ranging from short, mid to long-term period. Engineers are therefore obligated to control and ensure sustainable environment from the wastes such as mercury through maintaining and balancing the 3 Es that are Ecology, Economy, and Equity. Through the use of the 3 Es and the Maslows Hierarchy of human needs, companies can produce pure, products and services that are satisfying to the customers. Practically, engineers have developed three effective natural engineering technologies used in controlling the e-wastes; theses are bionics, biomimetics, and biomimicry. Professional Engineering Professional engineering is definable as any act that entails planning, designing, composing, evaluating, advising, reporting directing, and supervising that requires the application of engineering principles and concerns to safeguard the life, health, property, economic inters, public welfare and the environment (Ural, 2015).There are different problems faced by engineers that need engineers to steer their solution. Engineers use various formulas in solving the problems, such as problem variations that look at the structure and complexity and representations of the social, historical, and cultural contextual composition of the problem. The Individual Differences comprises the knowledge and the general problem-solving strategies. All these there, when added together, provide a better skill of solving the engineering problem. The problem solving demand an individual to determine the factors monitored and knowledge of the underlying factors. The general problem-solving strategy entails self-confidence motivation and perseverance that follows systematic process such logical, algorithmic, story-based, rule-using, decision making, troubleshooting, diagnosis, case analysis design dilemma. Problem-solving tend to be challenging without a proper framework in solving the issues while with proper structure people tend to develop and create confidence within them. The possible engineering framework assumes that all design is deductive to address all the repetitive types of problems since there is absolute knowledge on the topic. The abductive framework method deduces the solutions from the singular and definite. Without the successful approach to the engineering problems the most of the jobs get compromised; however, most of the skills are not transmitted efficiently to others through training. The training is dividable into short-term, mid-term and long-term. The short training pieces of information tend to lie on the mind memory based on the dialogue. The midterm lies on the conscious memory since it is baseson the logistic analysis while the long term since it situates more on the sub-conscious memory since it is the place where all the things found. A good idea can be lost, from memory and is be avoidable through proper understanding how the memories work. There are two memories that are implicit memory that requires continuous subconscious recall ability and explicit memory that requires recall on the issues that are in demand. The ideas should always be incubated in mind to enable easy retrieval them. Abstraction is the engineering approach that enables the management of complexity by suppressing the secondary elements and by emphasizing the critical elements. Abstraction allows the data represented to manage lower-order elements. The elements are in a classification of in taxonomy, axiomatic and thematic. Professional engineers have the obligation for promoting public welfare and promoting sustainable living by controlling e-Waste through reducing, reusing and recycling of the wastes. About 6.5 tonnes of e-Waste is realized per annum in Europe contains more than 1000 different toxic materials such as beryllium, cadmium, mercury, lead, arsenic and endocrine disruptors. For example, 1 gram of mercury can contaminate about 20 hectare lakes and therefore, it is within the engineers to design disciplines to stop the environmental issues actively. Due to the toxic substance, many countries around 172 came together under Basel Convention to ban the movements of the hazardous wastes across from developed to less developed countries. The bottom line theory contains the 3 Es are ecology, economy, and equity, that aims at having sustainable engineering. The ecological factors ensure that all engineering activities obey the natural laws through treating the wastes to sustain all the species (Eliot Turns, 2011). The process should be both financially and energy viable. The economy ensures that whatever products produced results to maximize profit through conducting a cheaper production method. All the aspects must be assuring equitability among all the employees through having higher earnings. The equitability ensures that there is pure social perspective among all employees and the employees with mutual respect to one another without favor on sexism or racism. The extreme points connect to one another to have a good balance model to have a bearable, sustainable, equitable, and viable production of safe products and services. The safe manufacturing and services emanate from the product service system. A system that aims at adding value to the content of both the product and services that are outcome-oriented service, use-oriented service and result-oriented service as like performed by Xerox US and Hitachi. The companies through the process developed took into account of the satisfaction of the human needs as explained by Maslow's Hierarchy of human needs that are of five levels that are physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. The physiological factors include food, water, sex, sleep, and excretion. The second level which is safety ensures the security of the body, resources, family, and property. The third stage is the love where an individual seeks friendship and intimacy from friends and family members. The fourth stage is the esteem where an individual gains self-esteem, confidence, and respects to one another while the last is the self-actualization where one can accept the facts and morality. Presentation of information is significant in engineering through proper visual skills, verbal skills, textual skills, legibility skills and enduring legacy .An analogy is used in creating and identifying the complexity that is all useful in the practical engineering. The analogy is divided into three different categories that are bionics, biomimetics, and biomimicry.Bionics a word convened by Dr. Jack E. Steele of the United States Air Force is the application of a biological method to engineering and technology, biometric is the transfer of functions from biology to the machine that entails replication by blind copying without insights into the living system. Currently, different items such as robots, military devised and medical engineering is associated with bionics/biometrics biomimicry are definable as the natural systems to solve complex human problems. Biomimicry uses an ecological standard to judge the rightness of our innovations through the use of naturally occurring speci es such as bacteria to aid waste treatment. The natural systems are effective since they use only the existing source of energy which is the sun, has no known concept of waste, promotes symbiosis, and has the most repository of proven designs that are known to human. References Eliot, M., Turns, J. (2011). Constructing Professional Portfolios: Sense-Making and Professional Identity Development for Engineering Undergraduates. Journal Of Engineering Education, 100(4), 630-654. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2168-9830.2011.tb00030.x Ural, N. (2015). Evaluation of Energy Conservation with Utilization of Marble Waste in Geotechnical Engineering. International Journal Of Waste Resources, 05(04). https://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2252-5211.1000189

Monday, April 6, 2020

A Comparison between the Devil and Tom Walker, and Macbeth Essays

A Comparison between the Devil and Tom Walker, and Macbeth Essays A Comparison between the Devil and Tom Walker, and Macbeth Paper A Comparison between the Devil and Tom Walker, and Macbeth Paper Comparison Essay As the reader or audience members read the book, â€Å"The Devil Tom Walker† and the play Macbeth , you tend to visualize the comparison between the two authors. The most common theme used by both Shakespeare and Irving is greed. In which Greed is the intense and selfish desire for something, such as wealth, food, power or excessively or inordinate desire for wealth, and profit. Throughout the book â€Å"The Devil Tom Walker† and in the play Macbeth you can see the theme of greed in which was the themes that both Irving and Shakespeare betrayed in their text. An example or display of greed was shown in the play Macbeth, William Shakespeare introduced the reader to this in act four, â€Å"And my more having would be as a sauce to make me hunger more: that I should forge Quarrels unjust against the good and loyal, destroying them for wealth†(Shakespeare 158). This piece of textual evidence from the play Macbeth was used to emphasize the theme of greed in the play, by basically stating that greed feeds on itself while in the process of achieving a certain desire. Malcolm is stating that he would become evil, and destroy the good and loyal to achieve success or wealth in life. Irving just like Shakespeare also used greed as a theme in his book entitled â€Å"The Devil Tom Walker. † Washington Irving presented the audience with the greedy character named Tom Walker, who showed signs of greed. The novel author states, â€Å"he had also a great folio bible on his counting house desk, and would frequently be found reading it when people came on business;occasions he would lay his green spectacles on the book, to mark the place, while he turned round to drive some usurious bargain† (Washington 5). Tom was a very greedy individual because he would read a bible and then in the process he would lay his green glasses down on the bible, so he could make a deal with a client. Tom Walker would close deals with the bible in his coat pocket. Also the green glasses used by Irving Washington symbolize the proper definition of the word greed, because green resembles money. He is trying to read the bible to find a loop hole in it so he can make a good bargain and that would allow him to make money, Tom would do just about anything to have the wealth of money. Even if that meant that he would have to be more evil or greedier than the Old Scratch. The theme greedy was very important to both authors Irving and Shakespeare, because it was used as a type of moral or theme throughout both the play and novel to portray the essential signs of greediness. As both authors demonstrate this, they also show how greed is an ongoing process that can’t be stopped, because it’s an uncontrollable desire for a particular want or need in life. In fact both authors defined the word greed very well in their pieces of work, by describing greed as a desire or want that an individual would forfeit all the good things in his or her life to commit to evil doings which in a sense is the process of being greedy.

Monday, March 9, 2020

Music Piracy, P2P Networks, and File-Sharing †Why It is Wrong

Music Piracy, P2P Networks, and File-Sharing – Why It is Wrong Free Online Research Papers Music piracy, mp3 downloading, p2p, file-sharing; these are many names for the same concept, stealing. Over the past couple of years music downloading has grown to be more and more popular. It has now become an American way of life and widely accepted in our culture. â€Å"Twenty percent of Americans participate in some form of music downloading activity† (Cohen, 2003). This is twenty percent too much. Music piracy has become so popular that some people are not even aware that what they are doing is wrong. It is time we start looking at music piracy for what it really is; an illegal, immoral action that has serious personal and economic consequences. Piracy has been an ongoing battle for the music industry, but hopefully one day this battle will end and music piracy will become an issue of the past. Music is a hobby, a culture, an expression, a form of therapy and a way of worship. Music is also a profession and a way in which some people earn their living. By downloading music illegally we are stealing from these people. It is like hiring people without paying them for their labor. It is as simple as this, â€Å"music lovers end up buying music† (Condry, 2004). Those who truly love and appreciate music will support the artists they love so that they can continue to make it. Most musicians do not have a second job or a second income; they rely on their fans to support them but recently those fans have been coming up short. Some people may have legitimate reasons for downloading music such as to replace already purchased music or to sample music before they purchase it, but artists should have the ultimate decision of whether or not their music gets posted (Condry, 2004). It is their right and copyright laws have been created to protect these rights. There are two copyright laws involved in the recording industry. The first one is The Copyright in the Musical Composition, in other words the ownership rights of the lyrics by either the songwriter or the music publisher. The second law is The Copyright in the Sound Recording. This law has to do with the ownership of the actual recorded song by the record company (RIAA, 2003). Artists and musicians are not the only one with rights. Everyone has the right to get paid for the work he/she does, no matter what he/she does for a living. Artists pour their heart and soul into their work in order to provide society with a source of enjoyment and recreation and they deserve to receive compensation for their work, just like anyone else would. Imagine walking through a jail cell. One side holds two intimidating, tattoo covered men; one convicted of murder and the other convicted of arson. The other side holds two educated, young looking men who do not seem like the type who could commit a heinous crime, but they did. They were both convicted of music piracy. Many people are unaware of the consequences that come with music piracy. Piracy is not just immoral, it is illegal and law enforcers are taking the act of music piracy very seriously. There are two different actions being taken depending on the severity of the piracy. The first is a fine, which can cost up to as much as $250,000. The other is imprisonment, which if convicted can be punishable by up to three years in prison (RIAA, 2003). Although these consequences are usually taken against those who run p2p and file-sharing programs and not the everyday citizens who download a couple of songs here and there, it is not unheard of. In January of 2004 the RIIA, Recording Industry of America, filed 532 lawsuits against illegal file-sharers having no mercy to who the music pirate was. Included in these lawsuits were about twenty teens (RIAA, 2003). This affair caused a big commotion in our society. It not only caused a shock but it caused a great alertness on the subject. People were finally aware of the consequences of participating in music piracy and that anyone can be caught and anyone can pay the penalties. The month of February has always been famous for its unique commercials but in 2004 Pepsi aired a commercial that became more memorable then any other commercial. This ad featured about twenty teens who were recently sued by the RIAA for music piracy. The commercial was a clever way for Pepsi to advertise its product while also supporting buying music online, rather then downloading it illegally. Pepsi along with iTunes used the recent lawsuit to promote legally downloading music off of iTunes using Pepsi products as credit towards a song. According to Mitch Bainwol, the RIAA chairman, This ad shows how everything has changed. Legal downloading is great because fans are supporting the future of creative work in America. Each teen was fined $3,000 for their actions but were able to use their Pepsi commercial fees to help pay it off (Howard, 2004). Some people question whether or not these kids learned their lesson or if being featured in a commercial only reinforced their action s. Annie Leith, one of the many teens sued by the RIAA, claimed that although she is excited to appear in a commercial, she no longer makes unauthorized downloads (Howard, 2004). â€Å"Music piracy is a delinquent form of behavior that has some negative consequences for the recording industry† (D’Astous, Colbert, Montpetit, 2005). The popularity of music downloading has been causing many problems in the music industry. People don’t realize that with every song they download illegally the music industry is hurt financially. The outbreak of music piracy is costing the music industry over 300 million dollars a year (RIAA, 2003). Not only is it costing the music industry money, but it is also costing the United States a lot of jobs. In the past three years alone, more than 900 record stores have been forced to close their doors causing many people to lose their jobs. Among there stores includes the famous Tower Records. In August of 2006, Tower Records was forced to file for bankruptcy causing them to sell their company, shut down all their stores and let go of more than 3,000 workers. This big fiasco was caused by the big decline in music sales due to an increase in downloads of online music and an increase in competition from discount retailers (Schepp, 2006). If piracy continues, it just might have a fatal effect on the music industry. It is up to society to stop piracy now before it becomes too late. Logic says that if music is available for free, no one will pay money for it and if no one is purchasing music, artists and producers will stop creating it (Condry, 2004). While the word piracy has a negative connotation is hasn’t always had negative results. According to Time magazine’s Lev Grossman, â€Å"Sure, O.K., I ripped the audio of the Shins Phantom Limb off a YouTube video. But on the strength of that minor copyright atrocity, I legally bought two complete Shins albums and shelled out for a Shins concert† (2007). Pirated music has benefited the music industry by serving as a means for advertising and promoting. There isn’t that much of a difference between pirated music and music on the radio. Pirated music has also be credited in the rise and popularity of mp3 players. â€Å"Thirty-one percent of those with household incomes over 50,000 (18 percent $75,000+; and 13 percent $50,000 to $75,000) own the devices. In households with annual incomes under $50,000, only 16 percent (9 percent $30,000-$50,000; 7 percent under $30,000) have an MP3/iPod player† (Kerner, 2005). But the question advocates raise is does this make music pirating any more legal or even moral? And the answer is very simple, no. For many years, two opposing sides have been in a continuous battle. The RIAA has been a major part of the fight against music piracy. They are working alongside federal, state and local law-enforcers to stop music pirates and their operations. The RIAA takes their work very seriously and have been very successful, convicting hundreds of music pirates every year. Metallica, a popular rock band, is well known for suing Napster, one of the biggest piracy websites. Their main goal was to put it out of business for good. Other musicians and bands such as Alanis Morisette, Christina Aguilera, Blink-182, Limp Bizkit and Dr. Dre, have also taken a stance against piracy by forming a group called Artists Against Piracy in order to educate their fans and give artists a powerful voice in the debate over technology and music (RIAA, 2003). The Internet offers music lovers virtually limitless possibilities. Digital technology brings music to a wider public, affords niche artists access to their audiences, makes our vast musical heritage widely available, and distributes old, new and unusual music at affordable prices. Unfortunately, the Internet also gives music pirates a new weapon (RIAA, 2003). Music piracy has been an issue that society has been dealing with for many years. Online music piracy, however, is a relatively new phenomenon. Times have changed and we are now living in an era of advanced technology. There has been a boost in the popularity of mp3 players, cell phones and broadband internet and a major decrease in the demand for physical media. Online services are the future of the music industry and may one day replace physical media forever (Cohen, 2003, p1). The RIAA is not only trying to stop music piracy occurring today, but they are also trying to prevent it from happening in the future. Their force of attack is to combine education, innovation, and enforcement. They believe that educating our youth about what is legal and what is illegal will help prevent piracy in the future. The RIAA is also trying to do all this while still embracing digital technology. Legitimate online music is becoming more and more available. Sites, such as iTunes, Rhapsody and Yahoo Music Unlimited, are being set up to offer people digital music at affordable prices. These sites allow people to obtain the music they want while still supporting the artists they love (RIAA, 2003). The opportunities offered by digital technology and the internet are endless. The internet is a powerful source that needs to be used wisely and with caution. The goal is to make the internet a place to nurture and embrace digital technology, and that can’t happen unless artist and record company rights are respected. Piracy is not just an issue that the United States has to deal with. Many countries around the world have been fighting their own battles against piracy too. There is a surplus of pirated music and DVDs circulating around developing countries. This is due mainly to the fact that citizens of those countries can’t afford the regular priced merchandise. In April of 2007, Brazilian police confiscated around 30,000 pirated CDs and DVDs and 200 burners (Cheng, 2007). European countries have also been places known for piracy. In 2004, Europe endured hundreds of lawsuits. But not all countries are against piracy. Japan is known for its promotion of copyright infringement because they feel it is more beneficial then harmful (Condry, 2004). Although the battle is not yet won, the music industry continues to fight for their rights and will never back down. Their goal is simple; to facilitate an environment that uses technology to open up new opportunities, while at the same time protecting the rights of artists and copyright owners (RIAA, 2003). This can only be possible with the help and cooperation of our society. In the end, it is up to society as a whole to come to the realization of what is right and what is wrong. They need to take it upon themselves to respect the rights of the artists by refusing to aid illegal websites. They need to realize that their actions come with consequences and be prepared to face these consequences. With knowledge comes understanding, and with understanding comes the power to make a difference and everyone can make a difference in the fight against music piracy. Research Papers on Music Piracy, P2P Networks, and File-Sharing - Why It is WrongHip-Hop is ArtWhere Wild and West MeetCapital PunishmentThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementTwilight of the UAWInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesPersonal Experience with Teen Pregnancy

Friday, February 21, 2020

Economics Theory Applications Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economics Theory Applications - Research Paper Example According to Mandal (2007, 97) this problem can only be determined based on price mechanisms that has been known to use forces of supply and demand that characterize different products. This is because price mechanism is used to refer to the mechanism that uses prices of products as a signal to both the buyers as well as sellers in any market as to what the market has in store for them, and what trend to follow. This is what forms the core of microeconomic theory where demand, supply and quality prices have a significant role to play. This paper explores the Malaysian market by focusing on Astro satellite TV monopoly to determine the problems that Malaysian satellite television’s market is facing and attempt to solve the problem using microeconomics theory. Microeconomics theory This theory stipulates that demand is the willingness and the ability for a consumer to buy a particular product within a specified period of time. Therefore, if all other factors are held constant, it follows that as prices of goods increases the demand decreases proportionately (Tsoulfidis, 2009, 30). This means that demand and price are inversely proportional. A lower demand of goods means a reduced amount of quantity purchased by consumers. The amount of goods consumers buy at higher prices decrease because as the prices go up, so is the opportunity cost of buying that good or service. People will therefore tend to buy inexpensive goods or services, and avoid buying that product that will force them to forego certain goods or services that are of more value to the consumer. This theory is applied mainly in a monopolistic market where it is only one supplier of goods and services with many consumers that exist, eliminating the case of competition (Ghai and Gupta, 2002, 2). What is Monopoly? Monopoly is a situation characterized by the existence of a single producer in a market who is in control and not with any close competition whatsoever of supplying a particular product. Th is means that the elasticity of demand tends to reduce to almost zero. A company enjoying monopoly has some benefits such as the ability to be innovative with the development of its product and the domination of the demands of the customers (Kirzner, 1997, 65). This is, in addition to, setting its own price standards, orderliness and predictability. The constraints that happen to be either legal or natural protecting the monopoly of the firm from its competitor often generate the blockade to entry to the monopoly market. To make the best use of the profit, monopolist should generate at an output that the marginal cost is equal to marginal revenue. However, the biggest problem of monopoly market is that monopolist is a price maker rather than those price takers in a competitive market (Dwivedi, 2002, 38). This is because the monopoly firm will only continue enjoying maximum profits so long as entry of other firms into the market is blocked. This may either be naturally or artificiall y. Therefore, the firm will continue to produce, and even function at a loss on condition that the losses the firm makes do not in any way exceed its fixed costs (Ghai and Gupta, 2002, 3). This means that the firm will only close when the losses are in excess of the fixed costs of the company. With this advantage, monopoly will charge at the price which is in excess of the marginal price and marginal income, for whatever

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

History of islamic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

History of islamic - Essay Example There are five fundamental practices of Islam required among the Muslims, the followers and believers of Islam. These are the profession of Islamic faith, prayer, charity or zakat, fasting and hajj or pilgrimage to Mecca (of which Muslims are encouraged to make one pilgrim to Mecca at least once in their lifetime). Muslims are known for their devotion to Allah for they commit to pray five times a day and they gather is Mosque to worship Allah. Origin of Islam The followers of Islam believe that Islam already existed since the time of Adam. it is believed however by non-Muslims to have originated in Mecca and Medina through Prophet Muhammad. Islam expanded to the world in the 7th century and transformed nomadic people in desert into major players of world civilization and Prophet Muhammad was at the helm of that transformation. Prior to advent of Islam in the 7th century, Arab people lived on the Arabian Plate on the south of Hedjaz as nomads which Prophet Muhammad belonged. Prophet M uhammad began receiving revelations about The Holy Quran in 610 beginning when he was forty years old. Thus, Muhammad’s death in 632 was a major blow to the then nascent Islamic community. The Muslims however responded to this challenge by establishing the institution of Caliphate that would ensure the perpetuity of historical Islam (Ahmed). After the death of Prophet Muhammad, his friend Abu Bakr who was the first adult who embraced Islam became the first caliph. He was succeeded by Umar after two years who became caliph for a decade. During Umar’s caliphate, Islam burst extensive from east to west conquering Persian empire, Syria and Egypt and importantly the capture of Jerusalem (Barkati.net). After Umar’s caliphate, Uthman succeeded him and assumed the caliphate for 12 years. Islam continued to expand during this time and was the one who was responsible for distributing the definitive text of the Holy Quran to reach all the realms of Islamic world. Ali then followed him who was known for his literary genius as well as his bravery in battle. Ali’s death marked the end of the rule of the â€Å"rightly guided† caliphs that started with Abu Bakr, then with Umar and finally with Ali. After the rule of the rightly guided caliphate, the Umayyad caliphate followed suit in 661 and was to rule the Islamic world for a century. During this time, the capital of Islam was moved from Medina to Damascus. Islamic conquest continued to expand during this time extending from western borders of China to western France. It also included North Africa, Spain Sind and Transoxiana in the East. During this time also, the foundation of the social and legal institutions of Islam were established (Barkati.net). The Umayads were succeeded by the Abbasids and again moved the capital of Islam to Baghdad. During this time, Islam was in its Renaissance as it became the center of learning and culture. It became as the center of the civilization of the worl d during that time as old texts of scholars such as Aristotle, Plato, Euclid and other thinkers were translated into Arabic to be studied extensively. The Abbasids caliphate lasted for more than 500 years until their power eventually faded and reduced to figurative heads because military power were then held by sultans and princes. When the Mongol ruler Hulagu captured Baghdad in 1258, the Abbasid caliphate finally ended as well as the great city of Baghdad together with